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235．膜性肾小球肾炎（银染色）　Membranous glomerulonephritis(Silver stain) 91

237．膜性肾小球肾炎（电镜）　Membranous glomerulonephritis(TEM) 91

目录1

236．膜性肾小球肾炎（银染色）（高倍）　Membranous glomerulonephritis(silver stain)(High power) 91

病理学总论　GENERAL PATHOLGY1

CONTENTS1

病理学在医学中的地位　Pathology in medicine2

病理学分支　Branches of pathology3

诊断病理学　Diagnostic pathology4

病理检查报告　Pathologic report5

1．心脏萎缩　Atrophy of heart6

2．心肌萎缩　Atrophy of myocardium6

3．脑压迫性萎缩　Pressure atrophy of brain7

4．肾压迫性萎缩　Pressure atrophy of kidney7

5．心脏肥大　Hypertrophy of heart8

6．心肌肥大　Hypertrophy of myocardium8

7．支气管上皮鳞状化生模式图　Diagram showing bronchial epithelial squamous metaplasia9

8．支气管上皮鳞状化生　Squamous metaplasia of bronchial epithelia9

9．正常气管表面（扫描电镜）　Surface of normal trachea(SEM)9

10．气管上皮鳞状化生（扫描电镜）　Squamous metaplasia of tracheal epithelia(SEM)9

11．胃黏膜肠上皮化生　Intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa10

12．软骨化生　Chondral metaplasia of fibrous tissue10

13．粗面内质网脱颗粒、扩张示意图　Diagram showing degranulation and distention of RER10

14．滑面内质网扩张示意图　Diagram showong distention of SER10

15．线粒体肿胀和无定形电子致密物示意图　Diagram showmg mitochondria swelling and dense particles in matrix11

16．髓鞘样结构形成示意图　Diagram showing formation of myelin figure11

17．髓鞘样结构　Myelin figure(MF)11

20．脂肪肝　Fatty liver12

21．肝脂肪变性　Fatty degeneration of liver12

22．肝脂肪变性苏丹Ⅲ染色　Fatty degeneration of liver stained with Sudan Ⅲ12

19．肾近曲小管水变性　Hydropic degeneration of renal proximal tubule12

18．肝细胞水变性　Hydropic degeneration hepatocyte12

23．左室心肌脂肪浸润　Fatty infiltration of left ventricular myocardium13

24．心肌脂肪浸润　Fatty infiltration of myocardium13

25．虎斑心　Tigroid heart14

26．心肌脂肪变性苏丹Ⅲ染色　Myocardial fatty degeneration stained with Sudan Ⅲ14

27．正常皮肤结缔组织　Connective tissue of normal skin15

28．结缔组织玻璃样变　Hyaline degeneration of connective tissue15

29．胸膜玻璃样变　Hyalinization of pleura15

31．细胞内玻璃样变示意图　Diagram showing intracellular hyalinization16

30．脾中央动脉玻璃样变　Hyalinization of spleen central artery16

32．垂体淀粉样变性　Amyloid degeneration of pituitary gland17

33．肾淀粉样变性　Amyloidosis of kidney17

34．淀粉样物质刚果红染色　Amyloid stained with Congo red17

35．动脉粥样硬化中的黏液样变性　Mycoid degeneration in atherosclerosis18

37．次级溶酶体（吞噬溶酶体 透射电镜）　Secondary lysosome(Phagolysosome TEM)18

36．残余体（脂褐素）形成示意图　Diagram showing formation of residual body(lipofuscin)18

38．残余体（透射电镜）　Residual bodyies(TEM)19

39．肾小管上皮中的脂褐素　Lipofuscin in renal tubular epithelia19

40．心肌中的脂褐素　Lipofuscin in myocardium19

41．肝组织中的含铁血黄素　Hemosiderin in liver(Hemochromatosis)20

43．肝脏中的胆色素　Bile pigment(Bilirubin)in liver(Obstructive jaundice)20

42．淋巴结中的炭粉尘　Carbon dust in lymph node20

44．肝灶状坏死　Focal necrosis of liver21

45．肾小管上皮细胞坏死　Necrosis of renal tubular epithelia(Corrosive sublimate poisoning)21

46．癌瘤凝固性坏死　Coagulative necrosis of malignant tumor21

47．肝坏死　Necrosis of liver22

48．脑软化　Encephalomalacia22

50．关节软骨坏死　Necrosis of articular cartilage23

51．脂肪坏死　Fatty necrosis23

49．脑液化性坏死　Liquefactive necrosis of brain23

52．手指干性坏疽　Dry gangrene of finger24

53．小肠湿性坏疽　Wet gangrene of small intestine24

54．气性坏疽　Gas gangrene25

55．肝细胞凋亡　Apoptosis of hepatocytes25

56．癌细胞凋亡　Apoptosis of cells of squamous carcinoma25

57．肉芽组织①　Granulation tissue①26

58．肉芽组织②（高倍）　Granulation tissue②(High power)26

59．局部血流障碍示意图　Diagram showing disturbance of local blood stream26

60．肾间质充血　Hyperemia of kidney27

61．肾小球充血　Hyperemia of renal corpuscle27

62．槟榔肝（淤血肝）　Nutmeg liver27

65．慢性肺淤血　Cnronic congestion of lung28

66．心力衰竭细胞　Heart failure cell28

63．慢性肝淤血　Chronic congestion of liver28

64．淤血性肝硬化　Congective cirrhosis of liver28

67．喉水肿　Edema of larynx29

68．肺水肿　Edema of lung29

70．动脉血栓　Thrombus of artery30

69．血栓形成过程示意图　Diagram showing thrombogenesis30

71．静脉血脉　Venous thrombus31

72．白色血栓　White thrombus31

73．血栓再通　Recanalized thrombus within blood vessel31

74．血流淤滞和透明血栓　Blood stasis and hyaline thrombus31

76．肾动脉栓塞示意图　Diagram showing renal arterial embolism32

77．肾梗死模式图　Diagram showing renal infarct32

75．肺动脉栓塞　Pulmonary embolism32

78．肾贫血性梗死　Renal anenic infarct33

79．肾梗死　Infarct of kidney33

80．脾贫血性梗死　Anemic infarct of spleen34

81．脑梗死　Infarct of brain34

82．肺出血性梗死　Hemorrhagic infarct of lung35

83．肺出血性梗死　Hemorrhagic infarct of lung35

84．脑出血　Hemorrhage of brain36

85．血管通透性升高机制示意图　Diagram showing mechanism of vascular permeability increased36

86．白细胞游出过程模式图　Diagram showing exudation of leukocytes37

87．炎性细胞　Inflammatory cells37

90．纤维素性心包炎　Fibrinous pericarditis38

89．皮肤水泡（浆液性炎）　Water vacuole of skin(Serous inflammation)38

88．白细胞吞噬细菌示意图　Diagram showing phagocytosis of leukocyte38

92．假膜性炎（咽白喉）　Pseudomembranous inflammation(Pharyngeal diphtheria)39

93．白喉假膜　Pseudomembrane in diphtheria39

91．纤维素性心包炎　Fibrinous pericarditis39

95．慢性肝脓肿　Chronic abscess of liver40

96．横纹肌蜂窝织炎　Phlegmonous inflammation of striped muscle40

94．肺脓肿　Abscess of lung40

98．恶性肿瘤细胞的异型性和多形性　Atypia and polymorphysm of malignant tumor cells41

99．淋巴结转移癌（腺癌）　Metastatic carcinoma in lymph node(Adenocarcinoma)41

100．淋巴结转移癌（鳞癌）　Metastatic carcinoma in lymph node(Squamous carcinoma)41

97．恶性肿瘤细胞的病理性核分裂　Pathalogic mitoses of malignant tumor cells41

101．肺血行转移瘤　Metastatic tomor in lung by blood stream42

102．皮肤鳞状上皮乳头状瘤　Squamous epithelial papilloma of skin42

103．鳞状上皮乳头状瘤模式图　Diagram showing squamous epithelial papilloma43

104．大肠息肉状腺瘤（腺瘤性息肉）模式图　Diagram showing polypoid adenoma(adenoid polyp)of large intestine43

107．鳞状细胞癌　Squamous cell carcinoma44

106．皮肤癌　Carcinoma of skin44

105．大肠腺瘤　Adenoma of large intestine44

108．结肠癌（溃疡型）　Carcinoma of colon(Ucerative form)45

109．结肠癌（结节型）　Carcinoma of colon(Massive form)45

110．腺癌　Adenocarcinom46

112．印戒细胞癌　Signet-ring cell carcinoma46

111．黏液腺癌　Mucous adenocarcinoma46

113．印戒细胞癌（高倍）　Signet-ring cell carcinoma(High power)46

114．浆液性囊腺瘤　Serous cystadenoma47

115．黏液性囊腺瘤　Mucous cystadenoma47

118．浆液性乳头状囊腺癌　Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma48

117．浆液性乳头状囊腺癌　Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma48

116．黏液性囊腺瘤　Mucous cystadenoma48

119．囊性畸胎瘤（皮样囊肿）　Cytic teratoma(Dermoid cyst)49

120．皮样囊肿①　Dermoid cyst①49

121．皮样囊肿②　Dermoid cyst②49

122．皮样囊肿③　Dermoid cyst③50

124．纤维瘤　Fibroma50

123．纤维瘤　Fibroma50

125．纤维肉瘤　Fibrosarcoma51

126．子宫平滑肌瘤　Leiomyoma of ulerus51

127．平滑肌瘤　Leiomyoma51

128．平滑肌肉瘤　Leiomyosarcoma52

130．脂肪瘤　Lipoma52

129．小肠脂肪瘤　Lipoma of small intestine52

131．毛细血管瘤　Capillary hemangioma53

132．海绵状血管瘤　Cavernous hemagioma53

133．神经鞘瘤　Neurinoma53

135．非Hodgkin恶性淋巴瘤　Non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma54

136．Hodgkin病　Hodgkin disease54

134．黑色素瘤　Melanoma54

139．骨肉瘤　Osteosarcoma55

138．骨肉瘤①　Osteosarcoma①55

137．骨巨细胞瘤　Giant cell tunor of bone55

140．骨肉瘤②　Osteosarcoma②56

141．软骨瘤　Chondroma56

142．软骨肉瘤　Chondrosarcoma56

143．造釉细胞瘤　Ameloblastoma57

144．鼻息肉　Nasal polyp57

145．鼻咽癌：泡状核细胞癌　Nasapharyngeal carcinoma:bubble nucleas cell carcinona57

146．泡状核细胞癌（高倍）　Bubble nuclear cell carcinoma(High power)57

147．声带息肉　Polyp of vocal cord58

148．声带息肉（血管型)　Polyp of vocal cord(Blood vascular type)58

149．视网膜母细胞瘤　Retinoblastoma58

150．视网膜母细胞瘤　Retinoblastoma58

病理学各论59

151．动脉粥样硬化及其并发症示意图　Diagrarm showing atherosclerosis and its complications60

153．动脉粥样硬化斑块　Atherosclerotic plaques60

152．动脉粥样硬化脂纹　Fatty streaks of atherosclerosis of aorta60

156．动脉粥样硬化①　Atherosclerosis①61

155．动脉粥样斑块　Atherosclerotic plaque61

154．动脉粥样硬化斑块溃疡　Ulcer of atherosclerotic plaque61

157．动脉粥样硬化②　Atherosclerosis②62

158．脑底动脉粥样硬化　Atherosclerosis at base of brain62

159．脑梗死（脑软化）　Infarct of brain(Cerebral malacia)62

160．动脉粥样硬化性固缩肾　Atheroslerotic contracted kidney63

161．冠状动脉粥样硬化合并斑块内出血　Coronary atherosclerosis with hemorrhage in plaque63

162．心肌梗死　Myocardiac infarct63

163．心肌梗死　Myocardiac infarct64

164．心肌纤维化　Myocardiac fibrosis64

165．高血压病和其合并症示意图　Diagram showing primary hypertension and its complications64

166．高血压性心脏病　Hypertensive heart disease65

167．脑出血　Hemorrhage of brain65

168．细动脉性硬化肾　Arteriolar nephrosclerosis66

170．高血压病肾②　Kidney of hypertension②66

169．高血压病肾①　Kidney of hypertension①66

172．风湿性心肌炎　Rheumatic myocarditis67

171．风湿病的器官病变示意图　Diagram showing rheumatic organic lesions67

173．风湿性急性疣状心内膜炎　Rheumatic acute verrucous endocarditis67

174．风湿性急性疣状心内膜炎　Rheumatic acute verrucous endocarditis68

175．风湿性心包炎（绒毛心）　Rheumatic pericarditis(cor villosum)68

176．二尖瓣狭窄和关闭不全　Mitral stenosis and insufficiency68

179．大叶性肺炎病变分期模式图　Diagram showing pathologic stages of lobar pneumonia69

178．亚急性细菌性心内膜炎　Subacute bacterial endocarditis69

177．细菌性心内膜炎　Bacterial endocarditis69

180．大叶性肺炎，红肝样变期　Lobar pneumonia,stage of red hepatization70

181．大叶性肺炎，灰肝样变期　Lobar pneumonia,stage of gray hepatization70

182．大叶性肺炎，溶解消散期　Lobar pneumonia,stage of solution70

183．肺肉质变　Pulmonary carnification70

184．大叶性肺炎红肝样变期　Lobar pneumonia,stage of red hepatization71

185．大叶性肺炎灰肝样变期　Lobar pneumonia,stage of gray hepatization71

186．小叶性肺炎　Lobular pneumonia72

187．小叶性肺炎　Lobular pneumonia72

188．阻塞性肺气肿（全腺泡型）　Obstructive emphysema(Panacinar)73

189．支气管扩张症　Bronchiectasis73

190．硅肺硅结节　Silicotic nodule74

191．肺石棉沉着症　Asbestosis of lung74

192．肺癌（周边型）　Lung carcinoma(Peripheral type)74

193．肺癌（中心型）　Lung carcinoma(central type)75

194．肺小细胞癌　small cell carcinoma of lung75

195．肺癌扩散示意图　Diagram showing spread of lung carcinoma76

196．慢性胃溃疡　Chronic gastric ulcer76

197．慢性胃溃疡　Chronic gastric ulcer77

199．十二指肠溃疡　Duodenal ulcer77

198．慢性胃溃疡底部　Ground of chronic ulcer77

201．息肉型胃癌　Polypoid type of gastric carcinoma78

200．溃疡型胃癌　Ulcerative type of gastric carcinoma78

202．弥漫浸润型胃癌（革囊胃）　Diffuse invasive type of gastric carcinoma(Linitis plastica)79

203．胃腺癌　Adenocarcinoma of stomach79

204．食管癌　Carcinoma of esophagus80

205．早期食管癌　Carcinoma of esophagus in early stage80

206．急性化脓性阑尾炎　Acute suppurative appendicitis81

207．急性蜂窝织炎性阑尾炎　Acute phlegmonous appendicitis81

208．急性病毒性肝炎，轻型　Acute viral hepatitis,mild type82

209．急性病毒性肝炎，轻型（高倍）　Acute viral hepatitis,mild type(High power)82

210．慢性病毒性肝炎，中度　Chronic vital hepatitis,middle degreen82

211．亚急性重型肝炎　Subacute severe hipatitis82

of hepatic failure in liver cirrhosis83

of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis83

213．肝硬化的门脉高压临床表现示意图　Diagram showing clinic features83

212．肝硬化肝功障碍临床表现示意图　Diagram showing clinic features83

214．门脉性肝硬化　Portal cirrhosis84

215．门脉性肝硬化（局部）　Portal cirrhosis(Part)84

218．坏死后性肝硬化　Postnecrotic cirrhosis85

217．门脉性肝硬化（Mallory染色）　Portal cirrhosis(Mallory stain)85

216．门脉性肝硬化　Portal cirrhosis85

219．坏死后性肝硬化　Postnecrotic cirrhosis86

220．坏死后性肝硬化（高倍）　Postnecrotic cirrhosis(High power)86

221．肝硬化的脾肿大　Splenomegaly in liver cirrhosis86

222．肝硬化的脾肿大　Splenomegaly in liver cirrhosis87

223．食管静脉曲张　Esophageal varices87

224．原发性肝癌（巨块型）　Primary carcinoma of liver(Massive form)88

225．原发性肝癌（多结节型）　Primary carcinoma of liver(Multiple nodular form)88

226．肝细胞癌　Hepatocellular carcinoma88

227．肝细胞癌（高倍）　Hepatocellular carcinoma(High power)88

228．肾小球病变分布示意图　Diagram showing distribution of pathologic renal corpuscles89

229．急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎　Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis89

233．快速进行性肾小球肾炎（高倍）　Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis(High power)90

232．快速进行性肾小球肾炎　Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis90

23 1．急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎（电镜）　Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis(TEM)90

230．急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎　Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis90

234．膜性肾小球肾炎（PAS染色）　Membranous glomerulonephritis(PAS stain)91

238．局灶性节段性肾小球肾炎（PAS染色）　Focal segmental glomerulonephritis(PAS stain)92

239．慢性肾小球肾炎　Chronic glomerulonephritis92

240．慢性硬化性肾小球肾炎①　Chronic sclerosing glomerulonephritis①92

242．急性肾盂肾炎　Acate pyelonephritis93

243．急性肾盂肾炎①　Acute pyelonephritis①93

241．慢性硬化性肾小球肾炎②　Chronic sclerosing glomerulonephritis②93

244．急性肾盂肾炎②　Acute pyelonephritis②94

245．慢性肾盂肾炎①　Chronic pyelonephritis①94

246．慢性肾盂肾炎②　Chronic pyelonephritis②94

247．慢性肾盂肾炎　Chronic pyelonephritis95

248．尿毒症的并发症示意图　Diagram showing complications of uremia95

249．尿毒症性肺炎　Uremic pneumonia95

250．肾癌　Renal carcinoma96

251．肾透明细胞癌　Renal clear cell carcinoma96

252．肾透明细胞癌（高倍）　Renal clear cell carcinoma(High power)96

254．膀胱移行细胞癌（Ⅰ级）　Transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder(Grade Ⅰ)97

255．膀胱移行细胞癌（Ⅲ 级）　Transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder(Grade Ⅲ)97

253．膀胱癌　Carcinoma of urinary bladder97

256．慢性子宫颈炎伴有潴留囊肿 Chronic cervicitis with Nabothian cyst98

257．子宫颈糜烂　Cervical erosion98

258．宫颈非典型增生和原位癌　Atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ of cervix98

259．子宫颈微小浸润性鳞状细胞癌 Microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of cervix98

260．宫颈癌　Cervical carcinoma99

261．子宫体癌　Carcinoma of uterine body99

262．葡萄胎　Hydatidiform mole100

263．完全性葡萄胎　Complete hydatidiform mole100

265．绒毛膜癌　Choriocarcinoma101

264．绒毛膜癌　Choriocarcinoma101

266．绒癌肺内栓塞　Embolism of choriocarcinoma in lung102

267．绒癌肺转移　Metastasis of choriocarcinoma in lung102

268．卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤　Serous cystadenoma of ovary102

269．卵巢黏液性囊腺瘤　Mucinous cystadenoma of ovary103

270．卵巢颗粒细胞瘤　Granulosa cell tumor of ovary103

271．前列腺增生　Hyperplasia of prostate103

272．前列腺增生　Hyperplasia of prostate103

273．乳腺纤维腺瘤　Fibroadenoma of breast104

274．乳腺纤维腺瘤　Fibroadenoma of breast104

276．乳腺浸润性导管癌（单纯癌）　Invasive ductal carcinoma of breast(Simple carcinoma)105

275．乳腺癌　Carcinoma of breast105

277．乳腺浸润性导管癌（硬癌）　Invasive ductal carcinoma of breast(Scirrhous carcinoma)106

278．乳腺浸润性小叶癌　Invasive Iobular carcinoma of breast106

279．乳腺髓样癌　Medullary carcinoma of breast106

280．乳头Paget病　Paget disease of nipple107

281．结节性甲状腺肿　Nodular goiter107

282．结节性甲状腺肿　Nodular goiter108

283．毒性甲状腺肿　Toxic goiter108

284．毒性甲状腺肿（高倍）　Toxic goiter(High power)108

287．甲状腺乳头状癌　Thyroid papillary carcinoma109

286．甲状腺胶样腺瘤　Thyroid colloid adenoma109

285．甲状腺胎儿型腺瘤　Thyroid fetal adenoma109

288．化脓性脑膜炎（由脑膜炎球菌引起）　Suppurative meningitis(by meningococci)110

289．化脓性脑膜炎　Suppurative meningitis110

290．肾上腺出血　Hemorrhage of adrenal gland111

291．流行性乙型脑炎①　Epidemic encephalitis B①111

292．流行性乙型脑炎②　Epidemic encephalitis B②111

293．流行性乙型脑炎③　Epidemic encephalitis B③112

294．脑星形胶质细胞瘤　Astrocytoma of brain112

295．间变性星形胶质细胞瘤　Anaplastic astrocytoma112

297．少突胶质细胞瘤　Oligodendroglioma113

298．髓母细胞瘤　Medulloblastoma113

296．多形性胶质母细胞瘤　Glioblastoma multiforme113

299．脑膜瘤　Meningioma114

300．脑膜瘤　Meningioma114

301．结核结节　Tubercle115

302．干酪样坏死　Caseous necrosis115

303．干酪样坏死（肺结核）　Caseous necrosis(Tuberculosis of lung)116

304．肺原发综合征　Primary complex of lung116

305．原发性肺结核原发灶　Ghon focus of primary complex117

306．原发性肺结核的播散示意图　Diagram showing spread of primary pulmonary tuberculosis117

308．急性肺粟粒性结核病②　Acute pulmonary miliary tuberculosis②118

307．急性肺粟粒性结核病①　Acute pulmonary miliary tuberculosis①118

309．急性肺粟粒性结核病　Acute pulmonary miliary tuberculosis119

310．浸润型肺结核的进展示意图　Diagram showing progression of infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis119

3 1 1．浸润型肺结核空洞形成　Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis with cavitation120

312．慢性纤维空洞型肺结核　Chronic fibro-cavitative pulmonary tuberculosis120

313．肺结核球　Pulmonary tubeculoma121

314．结核性脑膜炎　Tuberculous meningitis121

315．结核性脑膜炎　Tuberculous meningitis122

316．肾结核　Tuberculosis of kidney122

317．肾结核　Tuberculosis of kidney122

320．骨结核　Tuberculosis of bone123

319．骨关节结核　Tuberculosis of bone and joint123

318．肠结核（溃疡型）　Intestinal tuberculosis(Ulcerative form)123

321．伤寒（髓样肿胀期）　Typhoid fever(stage of medullary swelling)124

322．伤寒（坏死期）　Typhoid fever(Stage of necrosis)124

323．伤寒（溃疡期）　Typhoid fever(Stage of ulceration)125

324．伤寒肠道淋巴小结病变分期示意图　Diagram showing stages125

of lymphatic follicles lesions of intestinae of typhoid fever125

325．伤寒（肉芽肿）　Typhoid fever(Granuloma)126

326．伤寒淋巴结　Lymph node of typhoid fever126

327．伤寒肠病变与临床表现的关系　Diagram showing relation between intestinal lesions126

and clinic manifestations of typhoid fever126

330．Ⅰ期梅毒：硬性下疳　Syphilis stage Ⅰ：hatd chancre127

331．硬性下疳　Hard chancre127

328．尖锐湿疣　Condyloma acuminatum127

329．凹空细胞　Koilocyte127

332．Ⅲ期梅毒：梅毒性主动脉炎和梅毒性心脏病　Syphilis stage Ⅲ：Syphilitic aortitis128

with syphilitic cardiopathy128

333．Ⅲ期梅毒：肝树胶样肿　Syphilis stage Ⅲ：liver gumma128

334．梅毒螺旋体　Spirochaeta pallida129

335．艾滋病淋巴结①　Lymph node of AIDS①129

336．艾滋病淋巴结②　Lymph node of AIDS②129

337．艾滋病淋巴结③　Lymph node of AIDS③129

参考文献130