朗文托福考试完全培训教程PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

朗文托福考试完全培训教程PDF格式电子书版下载

注意：本站所有压缩包均有解压码： 点击下载压缩包解压工具

SECTION ONE:LISTENINGLISTENING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST(Paper)3

LISTENING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST(Computer)10

LISTENING INTRODUCTION22

SHORT DIALOGUES(Paper and Computer)25

StrategiesSKILL 1:Focus on the last line29

SKILL 2:Choose answers with synonyms31

SKILL 3:Avoid similar sounds33

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 1-3)35

Who,What,WhereSKILL 4:Draw conclusions about who,what,where36

SKILL 5:Listen for who and what in passives39

SKILL 6:Listen for who and what with multiple nouns41

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 4-6)43

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-6)44

NegativesSKILL 7:Listen for negative expressions45

SKILL 8:Listen for double negative expressions47

SKILL 9:Listen for"almost negative"expressions49

SKILL 10:Listen for negatives with comparatives51

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 7-10)53

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-10)54

FunctionsSKILL 11:Listen for expressions of agreement55

SKILL 12:Listen for expressions of uncertainty and suggestion57

SKILL 13:Listen for emphatic expressions of surprise60

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 11-13)62

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-13)63

Contrary MeaningsSKILL 14:Listen for wishes63

SKILL 15:Listen for untrue conditions66

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 14-15)68

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-15)69

Idiomatic LanguageSKILL 16:Listen for two-and three-part verbs70

SKILL 17:Listen for idioms72

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 16-17)74

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-17)74

LONG CONVERSATIONS(Paper)76

Before ListeningSKILL 18:Anticipate the topics78

SKILL 19:Anticipate the questions80

While ListeningSKILL 20:Determine the topic82

SKILL 21:Draw conclusions about who,what,when,where83

SKILL 22:Listen for answers in order84

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 18-22)86

LONG TALKS(Paper)87

Before ListeningSKILL 23:Anticipate the topics89

SKILL 24:Anticipate the questions91

While ListeningSKILL 25:Determine the topic93

SKILL 26:Draw conclusions about who,what,when,where94

SKILL 27:Listen for answers in order95

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 23-27)97

CASUAL CONVERSATIONS(Computer)98

SKILL 28:Understand casual conversations100

ACADEMIC DISCUSSIONS(Computer)103

SKILL 29:Recognize the organization110

SKILL 30:Listen for direct and indirect details118

SKILL 31:Visualize the passage122

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 29-31)128

ACADEMIC LECTURES(Computer)134

SKILL 32:Recognize the organization140

SKILL 33:Listen for direct and indirect details148

SKILL 34:Visualize the passage153

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 32-34)159

LISTENING POST-TEST(Paper)165

LISTENING POST-TEST(Computer)171

SECTION TWO:STRUCTURESTRUCTURE DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST(Paper)185

STRUCTURE DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST(Computer)192

STRUCTURE INTRODUCTION195

THE STRUCTURE QUESTIONS(Paper and Computer)198

Sentences with Cne ClauseSKILL 1:Be sure the sentence has a subject and a verb200

SKILL 2:Be careful of objects of prepositions201

SKILL 3:Be careful of appositives203

SKILL 4:Be careful of present participles205

SKILL 5:Be careful of past participles206

EXERCISE(Skills 1-5)208

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 1-5)208

Sentences with Multiple ClausesSKILL 6:Use coordinate connectors correctly209

SKILL 7:Use adverb time and cause connectors correcdy211

SKILL 8:Use other adverb connectors correctly213

EXERCISE(Skills 6-8)215

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 6-8)215

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-8)216

More Sentences with Multiple ClausesSKILL 9:Use noun clause connectors correctly217

SKILL 10:Use noun clause connector/subjects correcdy219

SKILL 11:Use adjective clause connectors correctly221

SKILL 12:Use adjective clause connector/subjects correctly222

EXERCISE(Skills 9-12)224

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 9-12)225

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-12)226

Sentences with Reduced ClausesSKILL 13:Use reduced adjective clauses correctly227

SKILL 14:Use reduced adverb clauses correctly230

EXERCISE(Skills 13-14)232

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 13-14)232

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-14)233

Sentences with Inverted Subjects and VerbsSKILL 15:Invert the subject and verb with question words235

SKILL 16:Invert the subject and verb with place expressions236

SKILL 17:Invert the subject and verb with negatives238

SKILL 18:Invert the subject and verb with conditionals240

SKILL 19:Invert the subject and verb with comparisons242

EXERCISE(Skills 15-19)244

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 15-19)244

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-19)245

THE WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS(Paper and Computer)247

Problems with Subject/Verb AgreementSKILL 20:Make verbs agree after prepositional phrases248

SKILL 21:Make verbs agree after expressions of quantity249

SKILL 22:Make inverted verbs agree250

SKILL 23:Make verbs agree after certain words252

EXERCISE(Skills 20-23)253

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 20-23)253

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-23)254

Problems with Parallel StructureSKILL 24:Use parallel structure with coordinate conjuncfions256

SKILL 25:Use parallel structure with paired conjunctions257

SKILL 26:Use parallel structure with comparisons259

EXERCISE(Skills 24-26)260

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 24-26)260

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-26)261

Problems with Comparatives and SuperlativesSKILL 27:Form comparatives and superlatives correctly262

SKILL 28:Use comparatives and superlatives correctly264

SKILL 29:Use the irregular -er,-er structure correctly265

EXERCISE(Skills 27-29)266

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 27-29)266

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-29)267

Problems with the Form of the VerbSKILL 30:After have,use the past participle269

SKILL 31:After be,use the present participle or the past participle270

SKILL 32:After will,would,or other modals,use the base form of the verb270

EXERCISE(Skills 30-32)271

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 30-32)272

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-32)272

Problems with the Use of the VerbSKILL 33:Know when to use the past With the present274

SKILL 34:Use have and had correctly275

SKILL 35:Use the correct tense with time expressions276

SKILL 36:Use the correct tense with will and would278

EXERCISE(Skills 33-36)279

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 33-36)279

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-36)280

Problems with Passive VerbsSKILL 37:Use the correct form of the passive282

SKILL 38:Recognize active and passive meanings283

EXERCISE(Skills 37-38)285

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 37-38)285

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-38)286

Problems with NounsSKILL 39:Use the correct singular or plural noun287

SKILL 40:Distinguish countable and uncountable nouns288

SKILL 41:Recognize irregular plurals of nouns290

SKILL 42:Distinguish the person from the thing291

EXERCISE(Skills 39-42)292

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 39-42)292

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-42)293

Problems with PronounsSKILL 43:Distinguish subject and object pronouns294

SKILL 44:Distinguish possessive adjectives and pronouns296

SKILL 45:Check pronoun reference for agreement297

EXERCISE(Skills 43-45)298

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 43-45)299

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-45)299

Problems with Adjectives and AdverbsSKILL 46:Use basic adjectives and adverbs correctly301

SKILL 47:Use adjectives after linking verbs302

SKILL 48:Position adjectives and adverbs correctly304

EXERCISE(Skills 46-48)305

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 46-48)306

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-48)307

More Problems with AdjectivesSKILL 49:Recognize -ly adjectives308

SKILL 50:Use predicate adjectives correctly309

SKILL 51:Use -ed and -ing adjectives correctly310

EXERCISE(Skills 49-51)311

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 49-51)312

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-51)313

Problems with ArticlesSKILL 52:Use articles with singular nouns314

SKILL 53:Distinguish a and an315

SKILL 54:Make articles agree with nouns316

SKILL 55:Distinguish specific and general ideas317

EXERCISE(Skills 52-55)318

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 52-55)319

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-55)319

Problems with PrepositionsSKILL 56:Recognize incorrect prepositions321

SKILL 57:Recognize when prepositions have been omitted322

EXERCISE(Skills 56-57)323

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 56-57)323

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-57)324

Problems with UsageSKILL 58:Distinguish make and do325

SKILL 59:Distinguish like,alike,and unlike326

SKILL 60:Distinguish other,another,and others327

EXERCISE(Skills 58-60)328

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 58-60)329

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-60)330

STRUCTURE POST-TEST(Paper)331

STRUCTURE POST-TEST(Computer)338

SECTION THREE:READINGREADING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST(Paper)343

READING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST(Computer)350

READING INTRODUCTION359

THE READING COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS(Paper and Computer)368

Questions about the Ideas of the PassageSKILL 1:Answer main idea questions correctly368

SKILL 2:Recognize the organization of ideas373

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 1-2)377

Directly Answered QuestionsSKILL 3:Answer stated detail questions correctly379

SKILL 4:Find"unstated"details385

SKILL 5:Find pronoun referents388

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 3-5)392

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-5)395

Indirectly Answered QuestionsSKILL 6:Answer implied detail questions correctly398

SKILL 7:Answer transition questions correctly402

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 6-7)405

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-7)407

Vocabulary QuestionsSKILL 8:Find definitions from structural clues411

SKILL 9:Determine meanings from word parts415

SKILL 10:Use context to determine meanings of difficult words419

SKILL 11:Use context to determine meanings of simple words422

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 8-11)425

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-11)428

Overall Review QuestionsSKILL 12:Determine where specific information is found431

SKILL 13:Determine the tone,purpose,or course435

SKILL 14:Determine where to insert a piece of information441

TOEFL EXERCISE(Skills 12-14)445

TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE(Skills 1-14)448

RWADING POST-TEST(Paper)452

READING POST-TEST(Computer)461

SECTION FOUR:WRITINGWRITING INTRODUCTION473

The Writing Score(Paper and Computer)474

Sample Essays475

Before Writing481

SKILL 1:Decode the Topic481

SKILL 2:Develop Supporting Ideas484

While Writing487

SKILL 3:Write the Introductory Paragraph487

SKILL 4:Write Unified Supporting Paragraphs490

SKILL 5:Write the Concluding Paragraph493

SKILL 6:Connect the Supporting Paragraphs in the Essay496

After Writing499

SKILL 7:Edit Sentence Structure499

7A Simple Sentence Structure499

7B Compound Sentence Structure501

7C Complex Sentence Structure503

SKILL 8:Edit Written Expression506

8A Inversions and Agreement506

8B Parallel,Comparative,and Superlative Structures507

8C Verbs508

8D Nouns and Pronouns509

8E Adjectives and Adverbs510

8F Prepositions and Usage511

COMPLETE TEST(Paper)Listening Comprehension515

Structure and Written Expression521

Reading Comprehension528

Test of Written English538

COMPLETE TEST(Computer)Listening539

Structure551

Reading554

Writing563

APPENDIXESAPPENDIX A:Similar Sounds565

APPENDIX B:Two-and Three-Part Verbs566

APPENDIX C:Idioms570

APPENDIX D:Prepositions574

APPENDIX E:Word Endings576

APPENDIX F:Irregular Verb Forms582

APPENDIX G:Formation of the Passive584

APPENDIX H:Irregular Plurals586

APPENDIX I:Word Parts587

SCORING INFORMATIONScoring Your Pre-Tests,Post-Tests,and Complete Practice Tests601

Charting Your Progress603

RECORDING SCRIPT604

ANSWER KEY661